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What is a cable jacket? The cable jacket is the outermost layer of the cable and acts as the most important barrier in the cable to protect the safety of the internal structure, protecting the cable from mechanical damage during and after installation. The cable jacket is not intended to replace the reinforced armor inside the cable, but it can provide a fairly high level but limited means of protection. Additionally, the cable jacket provides protection from moisture, chemicals, UV rays and ozone.
How many types of cable jacket materials are there?
There are many types of cable jackets, and the selection of cable jacket materials should take into account the compatibility of the connectors used and the adaptability to the environment. For example, extremely cold environments may require cable jackets that remain flexible at very low temperatures. Typical characteristics of some commonly used cable jacket materials are listed below:
1. Cable sheath material: PVC
The cable material is made of polyvinyl chloride as the base resin, adding stabilizers, plasticizers and additives such as calcium carbonate and other inorganic fillers, auxiliaries and lubricants, and is prepared by mixing, kneading and extrusion.
Polyvinyl chloride can be formulated for use in a variety of environments and applications. It is low cost to use, flexible, fairly strong, and has fire/oil resistant materials.
However, this material contains harmful substances to the environment and human body, and there are many problems when applied to special environments. With the enhancement of people's awareness of environmental protection and the improvement of material performance requirements, higher requirements are put forward for PVC materials.
2. Cable sheath material: PE
Due to its excellent electrical insulation properties and good processing properties, polyethylene is widely used as a coating material for wires and cables, mainly used in the insulation layer and sheath layer of wires and cables.
Excellent electrical properties and extremely high insulation resistance. Polyethylene can be stiff and very stiff, but low density PE (LDPE) is more flexible and has excellent moisture resistance. Properly formulated PE has excellent weatherability.
The linear molecular structure of polyethylene makes it easy to deform at high temperature. Therefore, in the application of PE in the wire and cable industry, polyethylene is often made into a network structure by cross-linking, making it also strong at high temperature. Deformation resistance.
Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) are both used as insulation materials for wire and cable, but XLPE wire and cable is more environmentally friendly than PVC wire and cable, and it has better performance.
3. Cable sheath material: PUR/TPU
PUR cable is one of the cables. The material of PUR cable has the advantages of oil resistance and wear resistance, while PVC is made of ordinary materials. In the cable industry in the past few years, the position of polyurethane has become increasingly important. At a certain temperature, the mechanical properties of this material are similar to those of rubber, and the combination of thermoplasticity and elasticity obtains TPE thermoplastic elastomer.
Polyurethane cable refers to a cable that uses polyurethane material as insulation or sheath, and its super wear resistance refers to the super wear resistance of the cable sheath and insulating layer. The polyurethane material used in the cable is generally called TPU, which is a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber. Mainly divided into polyester type and polyether type, hardness range (60HA-85HD), wear resistance, oil resistance, transparency, good elasticity, TPU not only has excellent high wear resistance, high tension, high tensile force, toughness and Anti-aging characteristics, and is a mature environmental protection material.
It is widely used in industrial machinery and equipment, transmission and transmission control systems, various industrial sensors, testing instruments, electronic equipment, household appliances, electromechanical, kitchen and other equipment, and is used for power supply and signal connection in harsh environments and oil-proof occasions.
The application fields of polyurethane sheathed cables include marine application cables, industrial robot and manipulator cables, port machinery and gantry crane reel cables, mining engineering machinery cables, and polyurethane drag chain cables.
4. Cable sheath material: TPE/TPR
Thermoplastic elastomers have excellent low temperature properties without the capital required for thermosets. It has good chemical and oil resistance and is very flexible. Good abrasion resistance and surface texture, but not as durable as PUR.
5. Cable sheath material: Thermoplastic CPE
Chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) is often used in very harsh environments. Lightweight, very hard, low coefficient of friction, good oil and water resistance, excellent chemical and UV resistance, and low cost.
6. Cable sheath material: ceramic silicon rubber
Ceramic silicone rubber has excellent fire resistance, flame retardant, low smoke, non-toxic and other characteristics, and the extrusion molding process is simple. The dripping can pass the line integrity test specified in GB/T19216.21-2003 at a temperature of 950 ℃-1000 ℃, exposed to fire for 90 minutes, and cooled for 15 minutes. It is suitable for any place that requires fire protection, and ensures smooth power transmission in case of fire. Played a solid protection.
Ceramicized silicone rubber products have no special requirements for equipment, and the processing technology is simple. It can be produced by using traditional silicone rubber processing equipment. Compared with the current production process of refractory wires and cables, it has higher production efficiency and can reduce production energy consumption and save costs.
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